> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://zolag-2.gitbook.io/cetasikas/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://zolag-2.gitbook.io/cetasikas/appendix/appendix_to_chapter_5.md).

# Appendix to Chapter 5

## Cetanā as a link in the “Dependant Origination”

Cetanā as a link in the “Dependant Origination” is called *abhisaṅkhāra.* There are three kinds of *abhisaṅkhāra*:

1. meritorious kamma-formations (puññ’ābhisaṅkhāra)[(224)](/cetasikas/appendix/appendix_to_chapter_5.md#FOOT224)
2. demeritorious kamma-formations (apuññ’ābhisaṅkhāra)
3. imperturbable kamma-formations (āneñj’ābhisaṅkhāra)

*Meritorious kamma-formations* are the cetanās which accompany the eight kāmāvacara kusala cittas or mahā-kusala cittas (kusala cittas of the sense-sphere)[(225)](/cetasikas/appendix/appendix_to_chapter_5.md#FOOT225), and the five rūpāvacara kusala cittas (rūpa-jhānacittas)[(226)](/cetasikas/appendix/appendix_to_chapter_5.md#FOOT226).

*Demeritorious kamma-formations* are the cetanās which accompany the twelve akusala cittas, which are: eight lobha-mūla-cittas, two dosa-mūla-cittas and two moha-mūla-cittas.

*Imperturbable kamma-formations* are the cetanās which accompany the four arūpāvacara kusala cittas (arūpa-jhānacittas). The meritorious kamma-formations and the demeritorious kamma-formations which produce rebirth-consciousness also produce rūpa. The imperturbable kamma-formations do not produce rūpa. Those who cultivate arūpa-jhāna have realized the disadvantages of rūpa. The arūpāvacara kusala cittas which are very tranquil, very refined, produce rebirth-consciousness in the relevant arūpa-brahma planes where there is no rūpa and no sense-impressions. There are four arūpa-brahma planes corresponding to the four stages of arūpa-jhāna.

These three classes of kamma-formations are a link in the Dependent Origination.


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